1 - Any weapon without armor effectiveness is considered as %100 but when it says armor effectiveness %150 like Nitro does it mean that it is %40 better vs armors or %40 bad vs armors?
Neither, it means that for damage purposes the target is treated as having 150% of their original armor.
2- Most of the weapon descritions it says Armor 30. What does it mean?
How much damage they can take before getting destroyed, i.e. when the item is on the floor and it gets damaged by an explosion or similar.
3 - Most of the weapon descritions it says Attraction 15. What does it mean?
How "attracted" aliens/enemy units are to that item - the higher this is the more likely they are to pick it up.