Hairsplitting IMO.
Yeah I know it's not a BIG deal, nothing I mentioned here is a big deal. However I think in this case the term chosen is a bit unfortunate.
Also, "military man" sounds like a dumb superhero name to me, sorry. XD
I didn't suggest "military man", it's as generic as soldier actually, so it would not address the issue I'm trying to convey. I've mentioned "infantryman" - as in a common low rank soldier, which makes the meaning of this career not encompass the meaings of other careers.
What I refered to is that there is a level of inconsistency in the naming logic. A ranger IS a soldier. A marine IS ALSO a soldier. A sapper IS a soldier too. These are all soldiers, just specialised in various fields with one name - "soldier" not mentioning, but not excluding any specialisaton. It's like having a racing game with separate classes of "a taxi driver", "a truck driver" , "a racecar driver", "a bus driver" and "a driver." Once you add a very general category of "a driver", specific categories like "a bus driver" become redundant, because they are all drivers.
Linguistically speaking, the term soldier INCLUDES the terms "ranger", "marine", "sapper", "marksman" in its meaning (semantic field). Simply put, it means the same as them, just more.
Judging from the bonuses, by "soldier" you meant something like "an ordinary common soldier" as opposite of specialised soldiers like rangers, marksmen, sappers. This is why IMO replacing it with anything indicating its commonness would do, i.e. "Grunt" "Infantryman", "Trooper" "Footsoldier", "Common soldier" etc. etc.
Alternatively, if I got it wrong and you meant a soldier of a higher rank, you could use the terms "NCO" (podoficer), "Military Officer" etc. etc.
Yeah, I've been struggling with this as well, but thought "student" would be most inclusive to encompass both university employees and students.
Yeah, it's a sound logic if you want to encompass both those teaching and learning into a single career.
As mentioned by Psavola, they have their own special "class" 
I see you already thought it through and made your decision. Not gonna argue, it's a sound logic. I just hope I will manage to save-edit them in into my campaign, because I just really, really want my starting team to have a past. Sadly, so far I only managed to replace another transformation with a career on an old save. When I tried to add it in a new line the save didn't load. No idea why.