Is this a normal and works as intended:
1. Terror at first month?
2. Unbalanced monsters like a dogs and hounds on a first month?
3. Enemy with laserguns at first month?
4. YOU WITH SNIPER RIFLES, LASERS, HEAVY ASSAULT MACHINEGUNS, RPG'S, CAWS, AT FIRST MONTH?
5. Sniper-like rifles less effectively like a sniper weapon(one-shot kill) than bombard, due to unworked 999% hitchance?
6. Almost half weapons worse than bombard?
7. Frustrating experience after pressing "ABOARD" button?
8. 90% of all weapons - trash?
9. What is the point of researching low-weapons, if you get at the beginning of the game stuff on a several tiers higher and examine them instead of wasting time for researching garbage?
10. Experience and hit/sight system?
I believe some things got lost in translation here.
Terror missions with difficult enemies at the beginning are bad luck or good luck. Good luck for you when you are skilled enough to tackle them, because then you get all their weapons. It's a difficult mission, so getting lasers and RPG as a reward is balanced. The thing is, you need a lot of reaserch before you can buy/make ammo for the good weapons (lasers for example), so you cannot use these weapons for every mission because of limited ammo. That is where you need to fall back on the trash weapons.
Dogs are indeed quite dangerous, they are fast and do a lot of damage. I use leather whips to deal with them. The leather whip has a snap shot so it can reaction fire. It does Tu damage, so it can stop a dog that is charging at you. This only works if the dog is coming at you from the front. Have your back to a wall or another gal to watch your back. This leather whip tactic does not work reliably for blood dogs, they have too much armor.
Sniper rifles need some explaining. The calculation for hit chance is different than for normal rifles. Basically, sniper rifles need accuracy skill 70+ to have a decent hit chance.
Bombs and grenades are indeed your best weapons in the beginning. But they can't be used in every situation.
Reduced hit chance for things you don't have line of sight to is there to make the game harder. If you have to see an enemy to shoot him, most likely he can also see you and has a chance to shoot back.